غياب الدور الفعّال للمعارضة السياسية وتأثيره على التحول الديمقراطي في العراق
Volume 13 , May 2025 , Pages 211-230
Authors
10.17656/jlps.10342
Keywords
Abstract
This research, focusing on the absence of an effective role for political opposition and its impact on the democratic transition process in Iraq, aims to study the status of political opposition in this country. Despite modern Iraq's history being replete with political opposition and its repeated access to power, it has failed to contribute effectively to developing the democratic option for the system of governance and outlining a viable relationship between the authority and the people. Both the authority and the opposition have failed to rebuild the state and society on sound foundations. To elucidate the reasons for this and achieve the research objective, the descriptive analytical method was employed to examine the theoretical framework of the topic, while the historical analytical method was used to address the experience of political opposition in contemporary Iraqi history.
The extensive historical period covered by the topic did not prevent the determination of the nature of the role played by the Iraqi political opposition from one historical era to another, nor the identification of the common denominators that united its various wings.
The most prominent finding of the researcher is that the weakness of the Iraqi political opposition in establishing democracy was not solely the result of the authority's mindset and mistakes against the opposition, but also the product of the opposition forces' own mindset and errors. The transition of the opposition from a (authority-opposition duality) pattern before 2003 to an (authority-opposition integration) pattern after this date did not significantly alter the situation.
The main recommendation of the research is that for the political opposition in Iraq to play an effective role in reforming the authority and developing its democratic path, it requires reforming its mindset, its organizational and operational methods, and moving away from the previous two patterns by adopting a role-exchange pattern between it and the authority, which is the correct pattern in any state that desires to achieve a successful democratic transition.
Keywords: Political Opposition, Federalism, Democratic Transition, Governance System.
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- First online15 May 2025
- Published at15 May 2025
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